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Menstrual Irregularity

Introduction & Normal Physiology of Menstruation

Absent Periods (Amenorroea)
Late Periods (Oligomenorroea)

Introduction: Menses irregularity may be complete absence of menstruation which is called amenorrhea or there may be delayed menstruation which is called oligomenorrhoea.

Normal Physiology of Menstruation: In normal female there are lacs of immature egg (ovarian) follicle lying in dormant state in the ovary. During the normal menstrual cycle on third day of cycle approximately 30 egg follicles starts maturing finally one of them will mature to full stage to form mature egg. When all the hormones are normal then one out of all maturing egg follicle is selected for further maturation & rest all shrink & atrophy. Finally this selected egg follicle passes through various stages of development & finally matures into a completely developed egg called ovum. Then egg is released out of the ovary (i.e. ovulation). Once the ovum is released ovary starts secreting progesterone for next 10 days. This progesterone hormone leads to strengthening of walls of blood vessel of endometrium. After 10 days of egg release i.e. ovulation, the production of progesterone hormone from ovary ceases. Thus the sudden deficiency of progesterone hormone leads to weakening of the linings of endometrial blood vessels which ultimately shrink & stop supplying blood to endometrium i.e. inner uterine lining. Thus in nut shell the production of estrogen from ovary lads to formation of inner lining of the uterus during menstrual cycle, where as production of progesterone from ovary after the ovulation leads to maintenance of this uterine lining. The menstrual bleeding occurs due to shedding of uterine inner lining i.e. endometrium due to disruption of its blood supply because of sudden deficiency of progesterone because of stoppage of its production from ovary. Thus if no ovulation occurs, there will not be any cyclical exposure of progesterone resulting in absence of regular menstrual bleeding. 
For detail information about causes, investigation & treatment click following links:

Amenorrhoea (means absence of period)
Late Periods (Oligomenorroea)

Amenorrhoea 

Amenorrhoea term is used when there is total absence of menses. 
Absence of period can occur due to any of the following hormone disorder as estradiol, pituitary hormone LH, FSH, Prolactin & Thyroid hormone, T3, T4, TSH etc due to any of the below mentioned causes. 

Causes of Amenorrhoea are:

1.Ovarian failure (hypergonadotropic hypogonadism): Gonadal agenesis, Gonadal dysgenesis, Turner syndrome 45, X, Mosaicism, Pure gonadal dysgenesis, 46, XX, 46,XX (Swyer syndrome), Ovarian enzymatic deficiency as 17a-Hydroxylase deficiency, 17, 20-Lyase deficiency, Premature Ovarian failure : Idiopathic – premature menopause, injury, mumps oophoritis, radiation, chemotherapy, Resistant ovary (Savage syndrome), Autoimmune disease, Galactosemia. 

2. Absence of ovulation: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS or PCOD),Hyperthecosis, Adrenal disease : Cushing syndrome, adult-onset adrenal hyperplasia, Thyroid disease : Hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, Ovarian tumors : Granulosa-theca cell tumors, Brenner tumors, cystic teratomas, mucinous/serous cystadenomas, Krukenberg tumors. 

3. Hypothalmic Pituitary Abnormality leading to absence of estrogen production (hypogonadotropic hypogonadism). Craniopharyngioma, Germinoma, Hamartoma, Hand Schuller Christan disease, Teratoma, Endodermal, sinus tumors, metastatic carcinoma, Infection and other disorders : Tuberculosis, Syphilis, Encephalitis/meningitis, sarcoidosis, kallmann syndrome, idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, Chronic debilitating disease, 
Pituitary Other hormone-screening pituitary tumors (ACTH, thyrotropin-stimulating hormone, growth hormone), non-functional tumors (craniophyaryngioma), Metastatic carinoma, Space-occupying lesions : Empty sella syndrome, Arterial aneuysm, Necrosis : Sheehan syndrome, Panhypopituitarism, Inflammatory /infiltrative : Sarcoidosis, Hemachoromatosis. 

4. Prolactinomas & Hyperprolactinemia

5. Defect in uterus or vagina: Labial agglutination/fusion, Imperforate hymen, transverse vaginal septum, Cervical agenesis – isolated, Cervical stenosis – iatrogenic, vaginal agenesis – isolated, Mullerian agenesis (Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome), Complete androgen resistance testicular feminization), Endrometrial hypoplasia or aplasia – congenital, Asherman syndrome (uterine synechiae), small hypoplastic uterus etc. 

Investigations & Diagnosis:

For diagnosis of cause of absent menses we do following tests.
Complete hormone profile: LH, FSH, total testosterone, free testosterone, Prolactin, Androstenidione, SHBG, 17 HYDROXYPROGESTERONE, DHEAS, Estradiol, Progesterone
Suppression & Stimulation Tests, 
Karyotype
Genetic testing
Pro. Challenge test 
Hystero-salpingography for uterus & tube status 
Laproscopy
High Resolution Ultrasound

Treatment:-Treatment of specific diseases. Once the cause for Amenorrhoea is found then treatment started. Abnormalities of the thyroid gland, pituitary and abnormalities in the adrenal glands can be treated by appropriate medicines. Normally patient starts getting normal menstrual cycle (period) in three to six month time. The various drugs which are required are as follows: 
a) Clomiphene
b) Gonadotropin Therapy
c) HCG Therapy
d) Hmg therapy
e) Metformin
f) Glitazones
g) Tamoxifene
h) Letrozole
i) Medroxyprogesterone
i) Desgestrol
j) Megestrol
k) Norethisterone
l) Hydroxyprogesterone
m) Oral E & P Combination Pill

Late Periods (Oligomenorroea)

Late periods are called oligomenorrea & this is a common problem during reproductive years in female. Menstrual irregularity can occur due to any of the following hormone disorder as estradiol, pituitary hormone LH, FSH, Prolactin & Thyroid hormone, T3, T4, TSH etc due to any of the below mentioned causes.

What are causes of menstrual irregularity?

- Abnormal function of the hypothalamus. Decreased secretion of Gonadotropin results in menstrual irregularity ; This problem can occur due to Craniopharyngioma, Germinoma, Hamartoma, Hand Schuller Christan disease, Teratoma, Endodermal, sinus tumors, metastatic carcinoma, Infection and other disorders : Tuberculosis, Syphilis, Encephalitis/meningitis, sarcoidosis, kallmann syndrome, idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, Chronic debilitating disease, 

- Abnormal functions of the pituitary gland results in abnormal secretion of some hormones such as prolactin, LH, FSH leading ro high prolactin or low FH, FSH. Other hormone-screening pituitary tumors (ACTH, thyrotropin-stimulating hormone, growth hormone), non-functional tumors (craniophyaryngioma), Metastatic carinoma, Space-occupying lesions : Empty sella syndrome, Arterial aneuysm, Necrosis : Sheehan syndrome, Panhypopituitarism, Inflammatory /infiltrative : Sarcoidosis, Hemachoromatosis. 

- High values of prolactin hormone called hyperprolactinemia due to prolactinoma, idiopathic hyperprolactinemia or due to other causes is an important cause of disturbed periods.

- Abnormal functions of the ovaries: Decreased function of the ovaries results in increased blood level of follicle Stimulating Hormone, Failure of ovaries before the age of 35 years is called premature ovarian failure. Aproximately 5% women have stoppage of period by 35 years. Causes of disturbed ovarian function are Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS or PCOD),Hyperthecosis, Adrenal disease : Cushing syndrome, adult-onset adrenal hyperplasia, Thyroid disease : Hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, Ovarian tumors : Granulosa-theca cell tumors, Brenner tumors, cystic teratomas, mucinous/serous cystadenomas, Krukenberg tumors. , Gonadal dysgenesis, Turner syndrome 45, X, Mosaicism, Pure gonadal dysgenesis, 46, XX, 46,XX (Swyer syndrome), Ovarian enzymatic deficiency as 17a-Hydroxylase deficiency, 17, 20-Lyase deficiency, Premature Ovarian failure : Idiopathic – premature menopause, injury, mumps oophoritis, radiation, chemotherapy, Resistant ovary (Savage syndrome), Autoimmune disease, Galactosemia. 

Immaturity of hypothalmic pituitary ovarian system 

What are the laboratory tests for menstrual irregularity?
Recommend some of the following laboratory tests confirm the diagnosis :
- Hormone Tests: L.H., F.S.H., Prolactin, Estradiol (E2),
Increase in Male hormone as Testosterone, Free testosterone, DHEAS, Androstenidione, 17.0 H.P. SHBG
- Thyroid function tests, Excess or deficient functions of thyroid glands can either cause decreased menstruation or amenorrhea.
Ultrasonography of the pelvis region for ovarian size & uterus.
Some other tests may also be required depending on history & physical examination
- 
What is the treatment for menstrual irregularity?
- Treatment of specific diseases. Abnormalities of the thyroid gland, pituitary and abnormalities in the adrenal glands can be treated by appropriate medicines.
- Progesterone withdrawal

- Hormone therapy. Hormone treatment is recommended for that particular hormone disorder which is detected during hormone investigation. The various hormone therapies are 
a) Clomiphene
b) Gonadotropin Therapy
c) HCG Therapy
d) Hmg therapy
e) Metformin
f) Glitazones
g) Tamoxifene
h) Letrozole
i) Medroxyprogesterone
i) Desgestrol
j) Megestrol
k) Norethisterone
l) Hydroxyprogesterone
m) Oral E & P Combination Pill
n) Metformin
o) Glitazones

For consultation & treatment (by appointment / or online) click How to Consult Us

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PCOD / FEMALE INFERTILITY

We get patients from all major cities in India & Abroad . In the following cities all the facilities for investigation & treatments including medicines are available as Delhi (North, South, East, Central, West, New Delhi), Ghaziabad, Faridabad, Noida, Gurgaon, Meerut, Saharanpur, Dehradun, Ferozepur , Aurangabad, Manesar, Rewari, Pataudi, Rohtak, Bahadurgarh,Bombay,  Bhiwani, Karnal, Panipat , Ambala, Ludhiana, Amritsar, Batala, Gurdaspur, Jalandhar, Patiala, Chandigarh, Calcutta,  Ferozepur Simla, Manali, Jammu, Udhampur, Poonch, Rajouri, Srinagar, Kargil, Aligarh, Mathura, Etawah, Lucknow, Kanpur, Allahabad, Varanasi, Kashi, Faizabad, Bareilly, Moradabad, Rampur., Dehradun, Uttarkashi, Meerut, Sitapur, Mathura,  Madras, Pilibhit, Nainital, Almora, Agra, Ferozabad, Jhansi, Alwar, Jaipur, Dausa, Ajmer, Beawar, Pali, Bhilwara, Chittorgarh, Kota, Dholpur, Churu, Ratangarh, Sikar, Bikaner, Jodhpur, Jalore, Rajkot, Porbandar, Jamnagar, Dwarka, Junagadh, Surendranagar, Bhav Nagar, Ambala, Ahmedabad, Gandhi Nagar, Godhra, Vadodara, Surat, Bilmora, Navasari, Mumbai, Sonapur, Kalbadevi, Girgaon, Dadar, Mahim, Dharavi, Juhu, Andheri, Kurla, Sahar, Pune, Thane, Palghar, Panaji, Panvel, Solapur, Pandharpur, Ahmednagar, Satara, Kolhapur, Ichalkaranji, Kalyan, Nasik, Dhule, Bhir, Nagpur, Bhandara, Amraoti, Khandwa, Indore, Ujjain, Ratlam, Mandsaur, Bhopal, Vidisha, Sagar, Guna, Shivpuri, Gwalior, Jabalpur, Bhilai, Raipur, Hyderabad, Zahirabad, Suryapet, Guntakal, Chittoor, Tirupati, Tirumala, Nandyal Vijayawada, Guntur, Goa,  Tenali, Nellore, Visakhapatnam, Vellore, Bangalore, Banglore, Ulsoor, Mysore, Srirangapatna, Hassan, Mangalore, Udupi, Manipal, Davanagere, Shimoga, Dharwad, Hubli, Bellary, Hospet, Bijapur, Belgaum, Chennai, Chengalpattu, Pondicherry, Tiruvannamalai, Kumbakonam, Thanjavur, Tiruchirappalli, Palani, Madurai, Sivakasi, Tirunelveli, Ambasamudram, Tenkasi, Nagercoil, Kanchipuram, Salem, Erode, Tirupur, Coimbatore, Pollachi, Kanyakumari, Ernakulam, Trivandrum, Calicut, Kottayam, Calcutta, Howrah, Purulia, Darjeeling, Siliguri, Gangtok, Bhubaneswar, Puri, Rourkela, Guwahati, Shillong, Imphal, Kohima, Agartala, Patna, Gaya, Bokaro, Jamshedpur, Ranchi, Madhubani.

We also get patients from following major cities of the world as Aalborg, Abadan, Abidian, Abudhabi, Abuja, Acapulco, Addis,  Ababa, Adelaide, Agadir, Agana, Ahvaz, Akueryai, Al Ain, Al Khobar, Alaska, Aleppo, Alexandria,       Alexandroupolis, Algiers, AlicanteAll, Areas, All Parts, All parts, Alma-Ata, Almada, AlofiAmatitlan, Ambato, Amman, Amsterdam, Andorra, Andrup, Ankara, AntanarivoAntigua, Antwerp, Apia, Aqaba, Areqioca, Arusha, Ashghabat, Asmara, Assab, Assuncion, Atbara, Athens, Auckland, Augra  Do Heroism Bacolod, Badalona, Baghdad, Baku, Bamako, Bander seribegaw, Bangkok, Barcelona, Barranquilla, Basseterre, Bedzin, Beijing, Belfast, Belgrade, Belize, Bengui, Benha, Benina, Bergen, Berlin, Bern, Bethlehem, Bhutan, Bimini, Birmingham, Bisho, Bissau, Bizerta, Bobo Dioulasso, Bogra, Bonaire, Bonn, Boras, Brasilia, Bratislava, Brazov, Brazzavila, Bremen, Bridgetown, Brisbane, Bristol, charest, Budape  st Buenos Aires, Bujumbura, Bulawayo, Bundung, Burgas, Buzau, Caacupe, Cairo, Cali, Canberra, Cap Haitien, Cape Town, Carecas, Castries, Cebu, Chengdu, Chicago, Chiclayo, chittagong, Christchurch, Christmas Island, CocosKeeling Island, Cologne, Colombu, Conakry, Conception, Contonou, Copenhagen Cordaba,  Cork, Coroval, Corprivertion, Craiova, Cuenca, Cumana, Curacao, Dacca, Dakar, Damascus, Damman, Dangregia, Dar Es Salaam, Defeera, Derbrecen, Dewaniya, Diego Suarez, Diriamba, Djibouti, Doha, Dramman, Dubai, Dublin, Durban, Dushanbe, Dusseldort, El Salvador, Entebbe, Erevan, Equitorial Guinea, Fade N'Gorma, Falun, Faroe Islands, Fes, Franarantsoa, Frankfurt, Freeport, Freetown, French Guiana, Frunze.Ft de France, Fujairah,  Gaborone, Garbrovo, Genda, Geneva, George Town, Georgetown, Ghent, Gibraltar, Glasgow, Gonaives, Gondomar, Granada Grand Beirut, Graz,Guadalajara, Guautemala City, Guayaquil, Gyongyas, Hajja, Hamar, Hamburg, Hamilton, Havana, Halsinki, Ho Chi Milk City, Hodeidah, Homs, HongKong, Honiara, Honolulu, Houston, Hyvinkaa, Ibadan, Ikeja, Incheon, Industira, Invercargill, Isfahan, Islamabad, Island tuvalu, Istanbul, Jakarta, Janawa, Jeddah, Jerusalam, Jimma, Jinia, Johannesburg, Jaba, Kaduna, Kampala, Kaoshiung, Karachi, Karor, Kathmandu, Khartoum, Khon Kean, Khulna, Kiev, Kigalibad, Kingston, Kingstown, Kismayo, kitwe, Kobe, Kolding, Kosice, Koudougou, Kowloon, Kristianstav, Kula Belait, Kuala Lumpur, Kuantan, Kumasi, Kuwait, Kyoto, La Paz, Lady Ville, Lea, Lagos, Lahore, Lahti, Larissa, Las Palmas, Lattaquieh, Leeds, Leipzig, Librevilla, Lima, Limassol, Linden, Lisbon, Liverpool, Ljubl-iana, Lome, London, Los Angeles, Luanda, Lubumbashi, Lugazi, Lungi, Lusaka, Luxembourg, Macao, Madani, Madrid, Majuro, Maldonado, Male, Malmo, Managua, Manama, Mancheter, Manila, Mansoure, Manta, Maputo, Maracay, Marrakech, Maseru, Mashad, Mayotte, Mbabane, Mbale, Medan, Medlin, Melbourne, Mendoza, Mexico city, Miami, Micronesia, Milano, Misrata, Mmabatho, Mogadiscio, Mombassa, Monrovia, MonteCarlo, Monterrey, Monte-video, Montreal, Moscow, Mosule, Mulanje, Mumbai, Muscat, Mutare, Mwanza, Nabeul, Naestved, Nagozi, Nairobi, Najat, Nanjing, Nassau, Nastriya, Nazareth, Ndjamena, New Amsterdam, New-York, Niamey, Nicosia, Norrkoping, Nottingham, Nouakehott, Noumea, Nukualofa, Oklahoma City, Omdurman, Oradea, Orodtheab, Oruro, Osaka, Oslo, Ostrava, Ottawa, Ouagadougu, Oulu, Panama-City, Paralimni, Paramaribo, Paris, Paysandu, Perth, peshawar, Philadelphia, Pingtung, Piraeus, Piura, Pl Villa, Plazen, Plovdiv, Plymouth, Poneloya, Port Au Prince, PortSaid, Port-Sudan, Potosi, Prague, Praia, Pretoria, Pt Lousi, Pt of Spain, Pt.Stanley, Pte Apitre, Pusan, pyongyang, Rabat, Ramalla, Rarstonga, Rawalpindi, Reykyavik, Riga,Rio De Janeiro, Riyadh, Road Town, Rodriquez Islands, Rome, Rosario, Roseau, Rota, Rotterdam, Rzeszow, Saba, Sabh, Sailburg, Salta, Samoa-American, San Francisco, San Jose, San Marcos, San Marino, San pablo, Sandnes, San-Jaun, Sanna, Senta Cruz(Graciosa), Santa Cruz, Santiago, Santo Doming, Sao Paulo, SaoTome Island, Semarang, Seoul, Serrekunda, Sert, Sfax, Shangai, Shariah, Singapore, Skopie, Sofia, Sopot, ST.Denis, St.Georges, St.Helena, St.Johns, St.Pitterbuze, Stockholm, Strydom Airport, Stuttgart, Suphanburi, Suva, Sydney, Szekesfehervar, Taegu, Taichung, Tainan, Taipei, Taiz, Tallinn, Tamatave, Tampere, Tanga, Tashkent, Tavira, Tbilisi, Tegucigalpa, Tehran, Tel-Aviv, Tema, Temburong, Teneriffe, The Hague, The Valley, Thessaloniki, Thohoyandou, Thomwood, Thonbiri, Thyolo, Timisoara, Tirane, Titograde, Tokyo, Toronto, Tripoli, Tsumeb, Tunisi, Turks Caicos, Tutong, Ulan-Batar, Vaduz, Valetta, Valparasio, Vancouver, Vatican City, Victoria, Victoria Falls, Vienna, Vientiana, Vigo, VilaDOporto, Villa Nueva, Villarica, Vilua, Vina Del Mar, Volgagrad, W.Berlin, Wallis & Futuna Island, Warsaw, Washington Dc, Wellington, Windhoele, Yaounde, Yaren, Yokohama, Yundum, Zagreb, Zahle, Zurich.

At these places all the facilities for investigation & treatments are available.

At our center / centre / clinic / clinics / hospital / hospitals doctors are dedicated for latest & scientific treatment of these diseases. 

Dexamethasone Suppression test for ACTH, Overnight Suppression (Basal at 8-9am on day oral 1mg dexa given at night 11pm. Post dexa sample coiiectea at 8-9am next day.), L ow dose (Basal at 8-9am on day 1. Oral 0.5mg dexa given, every 6 hrs for 2 days. Post dexa sample collected at 8-9am on day-3, High dose (Basal at 8-9am on day 1. Oral 2 mg dexa given every 6 hrs for 2 days. Post dexa sample collected at 8-9am on day-3, Dexamethasone Suppression test for Cortisol: - Overnight Suppression (Basal at 8-9am on day 1. Oral 1mg, dexa given at night 11pm. Post dexa sample collected at 8-9am next day.), Low dose (Basal at 8-9am on day 1. Oral O.5mg dexa given every 6 hrs. for 2 days. Post dexa sample collected at 8-9am on day-3, High dose (Basal at 8-9am on day 1. Oral 2 mg dexa given every 6hours for 2 days. Post dexa sample collected at 8-9am on next day.), DHEAS-Dihydroepiandrosteindione Sulphate, serum, DHT-Di hydro testosterone, serum, Diabetes profile, Mini (FBS, PPBS, Cholesterol, HbA1c, Microalbumin), Diabetes profile.Maxi (CBC, FBS, PPBS, Cholesterol, Triglycerides, Creatinine, Electrolytes, Urine it, Insulin antibody, Microalbumin, Insulin, C-peptide, HbA1c), Dialysis panel (CBC, FBS, Electrolytes, Proteins, Alkaline phosphatase, Ca, P, Uric acid, Creatinine, BUN), Diazepam (Benzadiazepine), urine (Qualitative), Digoxin (Lanoxin), serum, Dilantin (Phenyntoin) (Eptoin), serum, DNA (Double Strand) Antibody, serum (Qualitative), Down’s Syndrome Screen-1 st trimester (Triple test) (Down’s syndrome screening through analysis of Free HCB-beta, PAPPa and statistical risk factor calculation), Down’s Syndrome Screen-2nd trimester (Triple test) (Down’s syndrome screening through analysis of HCB-beta, AFP, uE3 and statistical risk factor calculation), DPD-Deoxypyridinoline, urine, Drugs of abuse panel (Qualftative)(7 Drug panel) (Amphetamine, Coccaine, Barbiturates, Cannabinoids, Opiates, PCP and Benzodiazaplne), Drugs of abuse panel (QuantitativeXS Drug panel) (Amphetamine, Methamphetamine, Coccaine, Barbiturates, Cannabinoids, Opiates, PCP, Benzodiazapine and Methadone with creatinine correction), DVT-Deep Vein Thrombosis Panel (Activity of AntiThrombin-III, Protein C and Protein S, Lupus anticoagulant, Cardiolipin IgG and IgM), D-xylose test, E2 - Estradiol, serum, E3-Unconjugated Estriol, serum, EBV(VCA)-lgM antibodies, Echinococcus (Hydatid Cyst) - IgG, serum, ECG, Echovirus antibody-IgG, Echovirus antibody-IgM, EGF-Epidermal Growth Factor, Electrolytes, ENA(Extractable Nuclear Antigen) profile (Antibodies to SSA, SSB, Sm, RNP-Sm, Scl-70, Jo-1), Endocrine panel-Female (FSH, LH, Prolactin, E2 and TSH to be done on 2-5th day of cycle.)., Endocrine panel-Male (FSH, LH, Prolactin, Testosterone-total & free and TSH), Endothelial Markers Profile (Factor VIII, CD31, CD34), Endomysial Antibody, Epinephrine(Adrenaline), Epinephrine (Adrenaline),Epithelial Marker profile(Pan Keratin,CK10,EMA,CEA), , ithelial Membrane Ag(EMA)-lmmunohistochemistry, toin (Phenytoin). serum, ER-Estrogen receptor,  Erythropoietin, serum (EPO), ESR (Automated), Estradiol (E2), serum, Ethanol, Quantitative (Analyse same day), FABP-Fatty acid binding protein (Cardiac risk marker), Factor V leiden (Activity), plasma,  Factor V leiden, mutant detection,  Factor VIII (v/W factor), Factor VIII activity, Factor-13, plasma, Faeces, Routine examination, Fc gamma R2 receptor, Fc gamma R3a receptor,  FDP-Fibrinogen Degradation Products Febrile agglutination test,  Ferritin, serum, Fever profile (Maxi) (CBC, Urine rt, ESR, MP, SGPT, Widal, ___ Aerobic blood culture), Fever profile (Mini) (CBC, Urine rt, ESR, MP, Widal),  Fibrinogen, plasma, Fibro test, Fibro test and Acti test, Filaria antigen (Wuchereria Bancrofti), FISH for AML (M2, M3 and M4) {Includes t(15;17), t(8;21) and inv(16)}, FISH for del 13q (For multiple myeloma), FISH for Her2/Neu (Prognostic marker for CA breast), FISH for inv(16) (For Acute Myeloid Leukaemia AML M4), FISH for t ( 8;21 )(For Acute Myeloid Leukamia AML M2), FISH for t ( 9 ; 22 ) (For bcr-abl translocation of Philadelphia Chromosome), FISH for t (15 ; 17 ) (For promyelocytic leukaemia (PML/RARA/AML M3), File Stain for histopathology, FNAC - cytological examination, FNAC procedure charges (For walk in patients), Foetal Haemoglobin (HbF), blood, Folic acid (RBC, Serum and whole blood), Folic acid, Serum, Food analysis, bacteriological, Free androgen index (FAI), Free Beta HCG, Serum, Free PSA (Prostate Specific Antigen-Free molecule), Free Testosterone, Serum, Frozen Section (At Lab) for histopathology, Frozen section (Intra operative) for histopathology, Frozen section (Intra operative) for histopathology, Fructose (Qualitative), semen, FSH- Follicle Stimulating Hormone, Serum,

FSH-LH-Prolactin-serum, FSH-LH-Prolactin-Testosterone, serum, FSH-LH-Testosterone, serum, FTA-Abs (IgG antibodies to Treponema), Serum, Fungal culture with identification, G6PD-Quantitative, blood, Gamma GT (GGTP), Serum, Cardinal (Pnenobarbitone) , serum by CLIA, Gastric Parietal Cell Antibody, serum, Gastrin, serum (Fasting), Gastrin, serum (Post prandial), GBM - Antibody to Glomerular Basement Membrane, Gentamicin (Garamycin/Genticyn/Lyramycin), German Measles(Rubella), Avidity test, serum, German Measles(Rubella), IgG antibody, German Measles(Rubella), IgM antibody, Gl mucosal biopsy (SOS special stain), Giardia antigen Stool, Giemsa Stain for histopathology, Gilal Fibrillary Acidic Protein, Gliadin - IgA antibodies, Gliadin - IgG antibodies, Glucagon, Glucagon Stimulation test for C-peptide test, Glucose, Glycogen Phosphorylase (Cardiac risk marker), Glycoprotein C, Glycated Haemoglobin (HbA1c), blood, GnRH Stimulation test (Basal and 30-60-90-120 minutes sample after iv GnRH injection for FSH & LH tests) (Dose = 2.5uo/Ka of body weight), Gram’s staining, Growth Hormone, Serum (Fasting required), GTC-Glucose Tolerance Curve (5 samples), GTC-Glucose Tolerance Curve, Extended (8 samples) , Glucose Challenge Test, GTT for Pregnancy (100 gm Glucose) (Four Samples), GTT of 5 samples (75 gm. of glucose), Haemoglobin Electrophoresis, blood, Haemoglobin, blood, Haemoglobin, free, Haemogram, blood,  lHanm’s test (Acidified serum test), Hanging drop for V. cholerae,  Haptoglobulin, serum, HAV-IgG Antibodies to Hepatitis A virus, Serum,  HAV-IgM Antibodies to Hepatitis A virus, Serum, HbA1C-Glycated haemoglobin, blood, HbcAb-IgM antibodies to  Hepatitis B Core Antigen

HbcAb-Total antibodies to  Hepatitis B Core Antigen

Different Hospitals in india are: Moolchand Health Care, St. Stephen’s Hospital, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, G.B Pant Hospital, Lok Nayak Hospital, RG Stone Urological Reasarch Institue, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Jeevan Hospital, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Hospital, Orthonova Hospital, Batra Hospital, Sahi Hospital, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, Holy Faimly Hospital, Jeevan Mala Hospital, Jaipur Golden Hospital, Lady Harding Hospital, Smt. Sucheta Kriplani Hospital, Mata Chanan Devi Hospital, Safdarjung Hospital, Mohindra Hospital, M.P Heart centre Hospital, Bara Hospital, Hindu Rao Hospital, Holy Angels Hospital, Shankar Hospital, Holy Family Hospital, Chopra Hospital, Escorts Hospital St. Stephen's Hospital, Vardaan Hospital, Visitech Eye Hospital, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College, Safdarjung Hospital, Lok Nayak Jai Prakash (LNJP) Hospital, Private Hospital, Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Kalra Hospital,  Bangalore Baptist Hospital, Bowring Hospital, B W Lions Eye Hospital, Bangalore Hospital, Bangalore Children's Hospital, Genesis Hospital, Lakeside Hospital, M G A Hospital, Mallya Hospital, Manipal Hospital, Sindhi Charitable Hospital, Yellamma Dasappa Hospital,  Sir Harkisandas Narottamdas Hospital, Prince Alikhan Hospital, Saifee Hospital, Breach Candy Hospital, Jaslok Hospital, Habib Ismail Hosptal, Kalajyot Hospital, Motiben Dalvi Hospital, Bombay Hospital, Corwest Jain Clinic Group of Hospitals, D.S. Kothari Hospital, Lotus Hospital, Elizabeth Hospital, Bhatia Hospital, The Bomanji Dinshaw Petit Parsee Hospital, Cumbala Hill Hospital, Noor Hospital, K.B. Haji Bachoali Charitable Ophthalmic & ENT Hospital, Bai Jerbai Wadia Hspital, Nawroji Wadia Maternity Hospital, Wadia Hospital, Yerla Medical Trust Hospital, Tarachand Bappa Hospital, Dhanwantari Hospital, Shri Samasta Parajiya Suvarna Hospital, Smt.B.C.J. General Hospital, Smt.B.C.J. General Hospital, Holi Spirit Hospital, Lilavati Hospital, The Bandra Holy Family Hospital, Raheja Hospital, Gurunanak Memorial Hospital, Ramakrishna Mission Hospital, Radhibai Watumull Global Hospital, BSES Hospital, Sushrut Hospital, LH Hiranandani Hospital, Maganlal Popatlal & Sarvoday Hospital, Rajawadi Municipal General Hospital, Shatabdi Hospital, KBB Hospital, V.N. Hospital, Dr.K.B. Babha Hospital, Cooper Hospital, Bhagwati Hospital, Sion Hospital, K.E.M. Hospital Nayar Hospital, Kama Hospital, G.T. Hospital, J.J. Hospital, Sr.George Hospital, Aliganj Hospital, Blue Cross Hospital, Getwell Hospital, Krishna Lok Hospital, Lucknow Hospital, Medwin Hospital and Health Centre, Vivekanand Hospital, G.M.Associate Hospital, Dufferin Hospital, Civil Hospital, Communicable/Infectious Diseases Hospital Lifeline Hospital and Heart Centre, Lucknow Hospital, Shalimar Hospital, Rajendranagar Hospital Tuberculosis Hospital, Lucknow Rajpoot Hospital, Nishat Hospital, Z A Chartable Hospital, Indira Gandhi Eye Hospital, Sitapur Eye Hospital, Awadh Hospital and Heart Centre, Balrampur Hospital, Cantonment General Hospital, Civil Hospital, Dr.Shyama Prasad Mukherjie Hospital, Fatima Hospital, G.M.Associate Hospital, K.K.Hospital, Veerangana Jhalkari Bai Female Hospital, Shekhar Hospital, Queen Mary Hospital, Osmania General Hospital, Gandhi Hospital, Government Maternity Hospital, Nilofar Hospital, Cancer Hospital, T.B. Hospital, Hospital for Mental Diseases, Sarojini Devi Hospital, Sundram Medical Foundation, Chennai. MIOT Hospital, Chennai. Apollo Hospital, Madras. Malar Hospital Limited, Gandhi Nagar Adyar, Chenni. Calcutta Medical College Hospital. N.R.S. Medical College & Hospital, Calcutta. R.G. Kar Medical College & Hospital, Calcutta. Calcutta National Medical College & Hospital, Instt. of Postgraduate Med. Education & Research, Calcutta Seth S.K.M. Hospital, Calcutta. Sambhu Nath Pandit Hospital, Calcutta. Lady Dufferinvictoria Hospital, Calcutta. Howrah General Hospital, Howrah, Hoogly Sadar Hospital, Hoogly, Chittaranjan Seva Sadan & Chittaranjan Cancer Hospital,  Ramakrishna Mission Seva Pratishthan General Hospital, Calcutta.
Osmania General Hospital, Hyderabad. Gandhi Hospital, Secunderabad. Government Maternity Hospital, Hyderabad. Nilofar Hospital, Hyderabad. Cancer Hospital, Hyderabad. T.B. Hospital, Irrumnuma, (Andhra Pradesh). Hospital for Mental Diseases, Hyderabad. Sarojini Devi Hospital, Hyderabad. Government General Hospital, Guntur. Government General Hospital, Kurnool. Government General Hospital, Kakinada. M.G.M. Hospital, Warangal. Govt. Hospital, Tirupati.Government Hedquarters Hospital, Anantapur, (Andhra Pradesh). Government Headquarters Hospital, Elur, (Andhra Pradesh). K.G. Hospital, Vishkhapatnam. T.B. Hospital, Vishkhapatnam. Mantal Hospital, Vishkhapatnam. Victoria Hospital for Women & Children, Vizag, (Andhra Pradesh). Cantonment Hospital, Bolarum (Andhra Pradesh). Railway Hospital, Vijayawada. S.V. Ramnarain Ruia Hospital, Tirupati. S.V. Ram Narain Ruia Govt. General Hospital, Tirupati. Government Women & Children Hospital, Tirupati. Railway Hospital, Secunderabad. Government Headquarters Hospital, Rajahmundry, (Andhra Pradesh). Dist. Headquarters Hospital, Nizamabad, (Andhra Pradesh). Headquarters Hospital, Nellore, (Andhra Pradesh). Govt. Hospital, Vijayawada. Govt. Headquarter Hospital, Machilipatnam, (Andhra Pradesh). Medwin Hospital, Hyderabad.

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sensorineural, abetalipoproteinemia, congenital hypothyroidism, diabetes, hyperparathyroidism, hypothalamic disorders, pendred syndrome, Heart. Cardiac acromegaly, adrenal insufficiency , angiotensisn II , dysfunction , hypophosphatemia, as endocrine organ, historical perspective , fibrosis, aldosterone , function, leukotrienes , glucogorticoids , growth hormone , histology abnormalities , diabetes, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, innervation , Marfan syndrome, pathology , diabetes, renin-angiotensin system , response autonomic nerve impulses, thyroid hormones , type III glycogen storage disease, Heart Extrogen/Progestin Replacement Study (HERS), heart block adrenal insufficiency, hypethyroidism, Heart disease diabetes, hypothyroidism , elderly, Heart failure. 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T cell(s), helper Hemangioepithelima malignant, thyroid, hemangioma(s) subcutaneous sclerosing, suprasellar, Hemangiopericytoma, renal, Hematocolpos, Hematocrit pregnancy, venous, natriuretic peptides , Hematologic endocrinology, Hematologic malignancy, PTHrP secretion , Hematology, endocrinology, Hematometra, Hematopoiesis cytokines , growth factors growth hormone , leptin , lymphotoxin , regulation , regulation , regulatory proteins , stem cell hypothesis , hematopoietic cells bone remodeling, differentiation , IGF-I , Hematopoietic growth factors(s), autoimmune thyroiditis, clinical use , Hematopoietn receptor superfamily, Hematura, with nephrolithiasis, Hemin, effects endocrine function values, Hemizona assy, Hemochromatosi, adrenal insufficiency , cutaneous manifestation , dermatologic finding , diabetes secondary clinical features , pathophysiology , retinopathy , diagnosis , hypognadism , hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis , male hypogonadism , ocular manifestations , osteoporosis , parathyroid involvement , pituitary involvement , primary, secondary, secondary, testicular failure, transmission , treatment , Hemoconcentration, endocrine test results, Hemocrine communication, Hemodialysis. Dialysis patient(s) anemia with, androgen replacement therapy , bone disease , diabetes, hypercalcemia, zinc supplementation , Hemodynamics, syndrome X, Hemoglobin concentrations age-related changes , sex difference , delivery nitric oxide hypoxic areas, diasporin-cross-linked, therapeutic potential endothelium-derived nitric oxide, glycated (glycosylated) (HbA1c) , hemoglobinopathy (ies), hypogonadotropic hypogonadism , hemolysis, heritied disorders amino-acid metabolism, Hemopertioneum, granulose tumors , Hemopexin, inflammatory response, Hemophilia A, desmopressin , Hemorphin, central nervous systems effects , hemorrhage adrenal, , adrenomedullary response ,choroidal, causes , endocrine response flame, macular, I young adults, causes , pituitary. Pituitary apoplexy postpartum, retinal, causes , diabetic retinopathy, flame-shaped, oral contraceptives , preretinal, diabetic retinopathy, retinovitreal, young adults, causes , subconjuctival causes , oral contraceptives , pregnancy, varceal somatostatin , treatment , vitreous, diabetes, retinopathy, vitrectomy , Hemorrhagic fever, hypothalamic-pituitary involvement , Hemosiderosis, pituitary involvement , Hemostasis, syndrome X, hendy, Geoffrey N., Hennessey, James V., Heparan N-sulfatase N-acetyl-Alpha-D-glucosminidase deficiency, heparin sulfatase deficiency, ovular effects , Herparan sulfate proteoglycan, remnant lipoprotein uptake, Heparan-sulfate sulfatase deficiency, Heparin action , bone resorption, connective tissue mast cells, disease, effects endocrine function values, hyperkalemia caused by, mast cell-derived, mastocytosis, osteoporosis caused by, adrenla insufficiency caused by, throid function paramentrs, Heparin-binding epidermal growth factor (HBEGE), cell source Heparin sodium, hypoaldosternism caused by, Heparin sulfate proteoglycan implantation, Hepatic artery embolization, somatostatin analosg with, carcinoid carisis prevention, Hepatic lipase (HL) activity , activity , anabolic steroids , hypothyroidism, progestins , testosterone , functions , synthesis , Hepatic nuclear factor(s), Hepatic tumor embolization gastrinoma, gut endocrine tumors, Hepatitis acute infectious, thyroid function parameters, thyroid hormone levels , chronic active autoimmune polyglandurlar (hypofunction) syndrome, thyroid abnormalities , thyroid function parameters, type 1 polyglandular syndrome, drug-induced, HBV, treatment interferons , thymosin Alpha1 , HCV immunomediated complications IFN-Alpha therapy, HIV- fected (AIDS) patients, treatment interferon plus thymosin Alpha1 , lupoid, cutaneous manifestations , thyroid hormone-binding protein levels , viral diabetes, euthyroid sick syndrome, hypermagnesemia , treatment corticosteroids , interferons , thymosin Alpha1 , Hepatoblastoma, paraneou;astic syndromes with, Hepatocellular carcinoma, (HCC) cirrhotic men, estrogens , hypoglycemia with, paraneoplastic syndromes with, sex steroids , treatment , tyrosinemia , Hepatocyte(s), lipoprotein particle uptake by, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) biologic response , cell source , Hepatolenticular degeneration. Wilson disease Hepatoma human placental lactogen production by, hypoglycemia , inherited disorders amino-acid metabolism, paraneoplastic syndromes with, Hepatomegaly cholesterol ester storage disease, with defects crnitine metabolism, hepatic glycogen phosphorylase deficiency, with inborn errors amino-acid metabolism, type III glycogen storage disease, Hepatosplenomegaly lysosomal storage diseases with, Hepatotoxicity acetohexamide, ofandrogen replacement therapy, chlorpropamide, diabetes treatment, glipizide, glyburide, ketoconazole, nicotinic acid, oral hypoglycemic agents, sulfonylurese, tolazamide, tolbutamide, Hepatotoxin(s), hypoglycemia caused by, Heptanoate. Testosterone ennathate Hereditary angioneurotic edema, androgen replacement therapy , Heraditary hypophosphatemic rickets with hypercalciureia (HHRH), abnormalities characteristic , Hereditary xanthinuria-sulfite oxidase deficiency, ocular effects , Heregulin (erbB2/HER2 ligand), biologic response , hermansky, Pudlak syndrome, ocular involvement , organ-specific involvement , organ-specific involvement , Hermaphroditism, diagnosis , etiology , gonadal dysgenesis , phenotype , physical examination , Heroin, effects endocrine function values, Herpes gestationis, endocrine/metabolic causes , Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection male infertility, ocular, sequelae , pancreatic involvement , HIV- infected (AIDS) patients, susceptibility , corticosteroids , treatment , interfersons , Herpesvirus infection hypothalamic-pituitary, meningoecephalitis caused by, , paraneoplastic ACTH syndrome, Herrmann syndrome, glucose intolerance , Hers disease, Hertel exophthalmometer, Hertogh sign, causes , HESX1 gene mutations, de Morsier syndrome, HesX1 transcription factor, growth hormone deficiency, HETE. Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids Heterogeneous nuclear RNA (nhRNA), heteroplasmy, heruser's membrane, Hexachloreobenzene chemical structure , thyroid effects , toxic effects , Hexadrol. Dexamethasone, therapy wit Hexadrol Phosphate. Dexamethasone sodium phosphate Hexarelin test drug effects , expected response , intraindividual vaiation method , physiologic factors affecting, special consideration/interpretation , substance mansure , Hexestrol, carcinogenesis, Hexokinase, transport , Hexokinase, transport , Hexosamines, long-chain fatty, Hexosaminidase(s) A deficiency , partial deficiency , ocular effects , B. deficiency , deficiency , S, deficiency , Beta-Hexosaminidsse, mast cell-derived Hexose monophosphate inpidermis, glycolysis, HFE gene, mutations , HGF. Hepatocyte growth factor Hidradenitis suppuratiova, High-density lipoprotein/cholesterol ratio, mal values , by age sex, High-density lipoproteins (HDL),aging , antiatherogenic properties , apoproteins , cardioprotective effect , cholesterol transfer deficiency ocular effects , severe, density function , HDL1, HDL2, conversion HDL3, density , subfractions , type 2 diabetes, HDL3, density , subfractions , HDLc' lipids , metabolism , origins , ovarian steroidogensis, physiochemical characteristics , plasma clearance , type 2 diabetes, plasma/serum level , acromegaly, anabolic steroids, , atherosclerosis risk, sex differences , catecholamines , classification , diabetes, plasma insulin , dietary factors affecting, direct assays , drugs affecting, estrogen , evaluation factors affecting, glucocorticoids , growth houmone deficiency,
hyperthyroidism, low definition , treatment , measurement , nephritic syndrome, normal values , by age sex, postemopausal, pregnancy, renal failure, sex differences , syndrome X, synthetic progestins , therapeutic goals , postmenopausal estrogen replacement , precursors , progesterone androstenedione production, raloxifene , reference values , reverse cholesterol transport, source , structure , type 2 diabetes, subtypes , metabolic interconversions , synthesis , High-intensity focused ultrasound, benign prostatic hyperplasia, Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) effects CD4+ apoptotic rate, , body composition, High-mobility group, SRY gene , High mobility group, SRY gene , High mobility group-1 (HMG-1), critical illness, High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), hemoglobin A1c' hydroxylysine glycosides, pyridinium cross-links urine, High-protein, low carbohydrate diets, High-resolution physical mapping, High T4 syndrome, elderly, Hip(s) bone densitometry at, ostoporosis , transient, Hip fracture(s) incidence , mortality rate , risk factors , risk biomarkers , determination , Hippocampus, , memory, Hirch, Jules, Hirschsprung disease MEN2, substance P , Hirshberg, Angelica Linden, Hirshkowitz, Max, Hirsutism acromegaly, adrenal virilizing syndromes, Cushing disease, Cushing syndrome, females amenorrhea , anodrogenic granulose tumor , androsterone glucuronide , differential diagnosis androgen excess, idiopathic, modulators androgen action , oral contraceptives , polycystic ovary syndrome , response therapy subsequent course, serum markers , treatment , versus virilization, hyperthyroidism, idiopathic, Histaminase, plasma/serum level , medullary throid canger, Histamine, actions , allergic rhinitis, anaphylaxis, cell sources , chemistry , chemistry , 2 chemotactic effects , critical illness, diagnosis pheochromocytoma, diffuse neuroendocrine system, effects endocrine function values, endrothelial effects , eosinophil production, excretion , formation , hypothalamic activity, inactivation , mastocytosis, norepinephrine release, praneoplastic syndromes, plasma/serum level , pulmonary, cell source , reference values , secretion , kinins , structure , therapeutic potential , urticaria/angioediema, vasopressin secretion, Histamine antagonist(s) diabetogenic properties , H1, mastocytosis, H2 blockers, gynecomastia, diagnosis gastrinoma, effects endocruen function values, gastric acid hypersecretion, MEN1, glucocorticoid, interactions , mastocytosis, prelatic secretion, Histamine methyltransferase, activity , Histamine receptor(s) H1, H2, H3, Histerone. Testosterone, aqueous suspension Histidase deficiency, Histidine derivative , hormonal functions , structure , Histidinemia, urine screening test , Histiocyte(s) dermal, epidermal Histiocytosis, essential lipid. Niemann-pick disease Histiocytosis X. Langerhans cell histiocytosis Histone(s), acetylation , Histoplasmosis (Histoplasmacapsulatum infection) adrenal insufficiency , chrioretinitis , corticosteroids , adrenalitis caused by, testicular involvement , hypercalcemia pituitary involvement , Histrelin acetate (supprelin) actions , adverse effects side effects , dosage administration , effects endocrine function values, indications , precocious puberty, preparations , HIV. , Human immunodeficiency virus HIV-associated fat redistribution (HAFR), clinical features , diagnosis , hyperlipidemia , laboratory findings , physical findings , prevalence , therapy ,ACTH production , adrenal insufficiency , adrenal insufficiency , anemia , erythropoietin , CD4+ CD8+ depletion , apoptosis , CD4+ count combined tymosin Alpha1, zidovudine, IFN-Alpha , cortisol/DHEA ratio, thyroxine-binding globulin levels , cortisol resisstance , dental/orofacial abnormalities , diabetes insipidus , drug therapy endocrinologic side effects , hypothalamic-pitiutitary effects , electrolyte metabolism , endocrine disorders , clinica manifestations etiologies , eutyoridsck syndrome , fat redistributin resistance , highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) , body composition, hypercalcemia , hyperkalemia , management , protease inhibitors , hypernatremia , hypoadrenalismin, hypocalcemia , hypokalemia , hyponatremia , hypoparathyroidism , hypothalamid-pituitary-adrenal axis , hypothalamic pituitary function , hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis , hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis , insulin resistance , Kaposisarcoma . Kaposi sarcoma lipid metabolism , lymphoma adenohypophyseal involvement , adrenal involvement , hypercalcemia with, hypothalamic-pituitary involvement , pancreatic involvement , testicular involvement , thyroidal involvement , mineral metabolism neuroendocrine-immune interaction , neutropenia , oral candidiasis , pancreatic function , parathyroid function , pediatric, growth failure , peripheral lipodystrophy , pituitary involvement , SIADH , testicular pathology , 
(continued) thyroid function parameters , treatment hCG , IL-2 , thymosin Alpha1 wasting syndrome , GH resistance , recombinant human growth hormone , sex differences , testosterone therapy , muscle mass, thalidomide , treatment , HIV protease inhibitor, lipodystrophy caused by, HL. Human leukocyte antigen(s) Hodge, Gary D., Hodgkin disease testicular failure, treatment gonadal toxicity , thyroid dysfunction caused by, type 1 Gaucher disease , HOE 140, HOE 901, Hobauer cells, Hollander syndrome, Hollander syndrome, Holmes, Edward W., Holmes-Adie syndrome, Holocrine secretion, Holoprosencephaly,. Septo-optic dysplasia Holotelencephaly, Holst, Jens J., Home blood glucose monitoring, devices , disadvantages , frequency testing , glycemic control, pregnancy, Homoestasis, definition , homeostasis [term], Homocarnosinase, barin, deficiency , homocarnosinosis, Homocysteine metabolism , plasma/serum lefel , hypothyroidism, retinal vascular occlusive disease, reference values , Homocystinuria, childhood ostopenia due , classic, clinical findings , clinacl mangemet , cutaneous manifestations , definition , diagnosis , eyelids , genetic , with hypomethininemia, infancy childhood, metabolic defect , ocular manifestations , osteoporasis , secondary cobalamin metabolism defects, organ-specific involvement , skeletal abnormalities , thromboembolic disease, urine screening test , homogentisis acid oxidase deficiency, cutaneous manifestations , ocular effects o, Homologous recombination, Homonymous hermianopia, with pituitary adenoma, Homoplasmy, Homosexua male(s) hypothalamic structure , urogenital infection , Homovanillic acid (HVA) reference values , structure , synthesis ,synthesis , urinary children, infants children, age-related changes , Honeymoon period, insulin therapy, HONK. Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic coma Hoover, Robert N., Hormokine, Hormnal deficiency syndrome(s), hypoglycemia , Hormonal mediator(s), mast cell-dependent. Mediator(s) Hormonal obesity, hormone(s), actions , calcium ad, modulation or lateration , phasphatidylinositde metabolites , receptor-mediated, recepteor or postreceptor mediation , pathologic physiologic effects , amino-acid derivatives as, biossays , central nervous system effects , ciculating, menstrual cycle, classification , as cocarcinogens, cutaneous biotransformation , deciduas, definition , diversity , generation , endogenous, allergy , premenstrual syndrome, exogenous, ocular effects , expression , norma, abnormal, fatty acid derivatives as, free, assays , group I, features , mechanism action , group II, features , mechanis action , groups IIA, group IIB, group IIC, historical perspective , hypothalamic, hypopituitarism, inactivation , pathologic physiologic effects , lipophilic, maternal levels , pregnancy, measurement , factors affecting, mechanism action , measage , modulation or alteration , momenclature , peptide. peptide hormone(s) placental, polypeptide, puberty, femal, pulmonary, female, pulmonary, disease, functions , lung cancer, peripheral blood, reproductive, menopause , role , salivary levels , secretion , pulsatile, study , methods , regulation , sources , steroid, synthesis , by immune system cells, regulation , therapy with, infections, transport , alterations , pathologic physiologic effects , water-soluble Hormone [term], hormone receptor(s),. specific hormone cell surface, coupling domain , desensitization , down-regulation , feedback systems, multisystem control proximity endocrine glands , functional domains , immune system cells, intracellular, loss , occupancy , bioeffect, phosphorylation , recognition domain , regulation , selectivity , sepecificity , structure , subtypes , transport proteins, comparison , up-regulatio , hormone receptor-G-protein effector system, subunits , Hormone-regulatory elements (HREs), Hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Estrogen replacement therapy bleeding with, bone density, breast cancer, cardioprotective effects , corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis, fracture risk reduction, lipid levels, menopausal, endometrial cancer risk, osteogenesis imperfecta, osteoporosis, monitoring , biomarkers bone turnover , ovarian cancer, plus parathyroid hormone, bone mass, postmenopausal, cardiovascular effects , postmenopausal women, lipid profile , procollagen type I propeptide levels , rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, vaginal blood flow, XY/XO gonadal dysgenesis hormone resistance, Gs deficiency , hormone response element (HREs), Hormone response units (HRUs), Horner syndrome, causes , pituitary tumor , pregnancy, Hortobagy, Gabriel N., Horvath, Eva, Hospitalization, catecholamine levels, Hot flashes/ hot flushes clomiphene , menopause,

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