|| Small testis || Absent genital development || Small Genital & Genital enlargement ||
  || Less facial Hair || Hypogonadism || Testosterone deficiency || Andropause || Male Infertility ||
|| Breast enlargement in male ||  Male hormone Disorders || Less Body muscles and under weight ||

Under-Weight, Thinness & Less Body Muscles
 

The various causes for underweight, thinness & less body muscles are as follows:

Causes: These are as follows: -

 1)      Hormone Disorders: Before letting you know the various hormone disorder causing underweight, thinness & less body muscles, I like you to know about the male hormones & what are their role in development of muscles in male body.

 Males have following male hormones namely testosterone, androstenidione, dehydrotestosterone & dehdroepiandrostenidione in the body. These male hormones are either produced from testis or adrenal glands. The testosterone is produced in testis by leydig cells. The secretion of testosterone is under control of L.H. & F.S.H. & Gonadotropin releasing hormones, Thyroid hormone & growth hormone. Additionally any significant & prolong diseases of other body organs also decreases the formation of various male hormones. After production from testis it circulates in blood. It binds with various tissues of the body as  with body muscles leading to enlargement of body muscle i. e. muscular body typical of men. Thus there are many factors which may either decrease the testosterone production in the body or decrease its effectiveness. To complicate the matter further there are certain condition in which even if every aspects of testosterone is normal, there may be less male hormone receptor.

 Hyperthyroidism
 Hypothalamic deficiency
 Pituitary Deficiency
 Untreated Endocrinopathies 
 Uncontrolled Dabetes Mellitus
 Glucorticoid Deficiency (Addison Disease)
 Hypopituitarism
 Pheochromocytoma     
 Growth Hormone Deficiency
 Addisons Disease
 Hypercalacemia

2) Decreased fat forming tendency of the body: In many patients all the hormone growth factor & every thing else is normal, still they are underweight.  This occurs due to Decreased capacity of their fat & muscle tissue to grow. This occurs due to defective protein & fat formation in the body so that its growing capacity decreases.

3) Infections

4) Malabsorption syndromes

5) Various Neoplasms of the body organs

6) Metabolic defect in the body so that there is less protein & muscle formation in the body

7) Chronic Naturopathic Cachexia

8) Chronic Caloric deprivation syndrome

9) Anorexia Nervosa

10) Bulimia

11) Deficiency of various neurotransmitters in the brain as Serotonin etc.

12) Disorders of appetite centers in the Hypothalamus of the brain so that patient has decreased appetite or food intake even when all the reports are normal

13) Increased Energy Loss

14) Obstructive gastrointestinal disease

15) Pernicious anemia

16) Inflammatory bowel disease

Investigation & Diagnosis: For diagnosis of cause of underweight thinness & less body muscles the various causes for underweight thinness & less body muscles are investigated. We take detail history, physical examinations to pinpoint various causes among the above list. After finding out the possibility of various causes some of the following tests may be required. These tests includes:

Complete male hormone profile: This profile includes all the male hormone tests which affects body muscular development growth & increase in weight.

Thyroid test,
Cortisol,
ACTH
Metabolic   tests are done
CBC, erythrocyte sedimentation rate,
Multiple chemical screen
Mammography
Serum protein electro-phoresis
Parathyroid hormone, human PTH-related peptide,
Angiotensin-converting enzyme, and 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D
Colonoscopy
Upper endoscopy
Short ACTH test
72-h stool for fat
Vitamin B
 

Other tests which may be required depending on likelihood of the any of above causes.

Treatment: Treatment of underweight thinness & less body muscles includes

1)      Cure of primary cause of underweight: Once we diagnose the cause for underweight thinness & less body muscles, then simply correcting that particular cause will lead to weight gain & muscular development.

2)      Hormone therapy: When we give below-mentioned male hormones by any of the below-mentioned routes. The concentration of these hormones in blood circulation rises. This leads to binding of more hormones on androgen receptors of muscles & fat cells. After binding with receptors these hormones leads to certain changes in the muscles & fat cells tissue. This leads to multiplication of muscles & fat cells tissue leading to further growth. This continued multiplication of muscles & fat cells tissue leads to further muscles & fat cells growth. This continued multiplication of muscles & fat cells tissue under the effect of above mentioned hormone treatment continues till muscles grows to normal& weight normalizes. Usually in one-year time muscles growth & weight normalizes. Unluckily most doctors have less knowledge about hormone treatment so that they neither investigate the patient nor give hormone or other medical therapy for muscle growth & weight gain.

The various preparation of testosterone & route of administration are: 

1)     Oral preparation that is available in capsule form. It needs to be given one to three capsules daily. These have no side effects. 

2) Transdermal Testosterone given as testosterone gel preparations. It need to be applied any part of skin once a day. It is very effective & has no side effects. 

3) Transdermal Testosterone scrotal patch are also available which are very effective even if used in small doses.It is very effective & has no side effects.

4)  Sublingual Testosterone cyclodextrin is now available which is very fast acting & very effective is fast & better weight gain & muscle development. It is used as one tablet daily to be kept under the tongue for few minutes. It has no side effect and it is very effective. 

5)  Injection Testosterone esters these includes Testosterone enanthate & testosterone cypionate given intramuscular injections every 10 to 14 days. It leads to fast weight gain & muscle development.

7)  Long acting testosterone as testosterone bucilate given once in 4 months.  It leads to fast weight gain & muscle development with least inconvenience to the patients. 

8)  Testosterones implants are now available which once injected remain effective for up to six months. 

3)      Fat & protein formation increasing drugs: There are many drugs when taken the fat & protein formation in the body increases without any side effects

4) Anabolic steroid drugs are those drugs, which are derived from male hormone & used for improving body muscles & weight. If they are given under supervision of hormone specialist they are safe.

5) Macronutrient Therapy: Supplementation of high biological value & high bio-available protein & other macronutrients which are essential for weight & muscle increase. 

6) Micronutrient Therapy: Supplementation of many micronutrients as zinc, Iron, selenium & other micronutrients which are essential for weight & muscle increase.
 
7) Essential Vitamin Therapy: Supplementation of many vitamins as vitamin-d, cynocobalamine & other essential vitamins which are essential for weight & muscle increase.

8) Growth Hormone therapy: Growth hormone treatment is given in many with good muscle & stamina increase

9) IGF-1 therapy is given in many with good muscle & stamina increase

10) Growth hormone stimulating Tablets treatment is given in many with good muscle & stamina increase

Side Effects: Above treatments has no side effect if given in proper disease and in patient’s when it is really indicated. This it is absolutely safe.

For consultation & treatment (by appointment / or online) click How to Consult Us

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We get patients from all major cities in India & Abroad . In the following cities all the facilities for investigation & treatments including medicines are available as Delhi (North, South, East, Central, West, New Delhi), Ghaziabad, Faridabad, Noida, Gurgaon, Meerut, Saharanpur, Dehradun, Ferozepur , Aurangabad, Manesar, Rewari, Pataudi, Rohtak, Bahadurgarh,Bombay,  Bhiwani, Karnal, Panipat , Ambala, Ludhiana, Amritsar, Batala, Gurdaspur, Jalandhar, Patiala, Chandigarh, Calcutta,  Ferozepur Simla, Manali, Jammu, Udhampur, Poonch, Rajouri, Srinagar, Kargil, Aligarh, Mathura, Etawah, Lucknow, Kanpur, Allahabad, Varanasi, Kashi, Faizabad, Bareilly, Moradabad, Rampur., Dehradun, Uttarkashi, Meerut, Sitapur, Mathura,  Madras, Pilibhit, Nainital, Almora, Agra, Ferozabad, Jhansi, Alwar, Jaipur, Dausa, Ajmer, Beawar, Pali, Bhilwara, Chittorgarh, Kota, Dholpur, Churu, Ratangarh, Sikar, Bikaner, Jodhpur, Jalore, Rajkot, Porbandar, Jamnagar, Dwarka, Junagadh, Surendranagar, Bhav Nagar, Ambala, Ahmedabad, Gandhi Nagar, Godhra, Vadodara, Surat, Bilmora, Navasari, Mumbai, Sonapur, Kalbadevi, Girgaon, Dadar, Mahim, Dharavi, Juhu, Andheri, Kurla, Sahar, Pune, Thane, Palghar, Panaji, Panvel, Solapur, Pandharpur, Ahmednagar, Satara, Kolhapur, Ichalkaranji, Kalyan, Nasik, Dhule, Bhir, Nagpur, Bhandara, Amraoti, Khandwa, Indore, Ujjain, Ratlam, Mandsaur, Bhopal, Vidisha, Sagar, Guna, Shivpuri, Gwalior, Jabalpur, Bhilai, Raipur, Hyderabad, Zahirabad, Suryapet, Guntakal, Chittoor, Tirupati, Tirumala, Nandyal Vijayawada, Guntur, Goa,  Tenali, Nellore, Visakhapatnam, Vellore, Bangalore, Banglore, Ulsoor, Mysore, Srirangapatna, Hassan, Mangalore, Udupi, Manipal, Davanagere, Shimoga, Dharwad, Hubli, Bellary, Hospet, Bijapur, Belgaum, Chennai, Chengalpattu, Pondicherry, Tiruvannamalai, Kumbakonam, Thanjavur, Tiruchirappalli, Palani, Madurai, Sivakasi, Tirunelveli, Ambasamudram, Tenkasi, Nagercoil, Kanchipuram, Salem, Erode, Tirupur, Coimbatore, Pollachi, Kanyakumari, Ernakulam, Trivandrum, Calicut, Kottayam, Calcutta, Howrah, Purulia, Darjeeling, Siliguri, Gangtok, Bhubaneswar, Puri, Rourkela, Guwahati, Shillong, Imphal, Kohima, Agartala, Patna, Gaya, Bokaro, Jamshedpur, Ranchi, Madhubani.

We also get patients from following major cities of the world as Aalborg, Abadan, Abidian, Abudhabi, Abuja, Acapulco, Addis,  Ababa, Adelaide, Agadir, Agana, Ahvaz, Akueryai, Al Ain, Al Khobar, Alaska, Aleppo, Alexandria,       Alexandroupolis, Algiers, AlicanteAll, Areas, All Parts, All parts, Alma-Ata, Almada, AlofiAmatitlan, Ambato, Amman, Amsterdam, Andorra, Andrup, Ankara, AntanarivoAntigua, Antwerp, Apia, Aqaba, Areqioca, Arusha, Ashghabat, Asmara, Assab, Assuncion, Atbara, Athens, Auckland, Augra  Do Heroism Bacolod, Badalona, Baghdad, Baku, Bamako, Bander seribegaw, Bangkok, Barcelona, Barranquilla, Basseterre, Bedzin, Beijing, Belfast, Belgrade, Belize, Bengui, Benha, Benina, Bergen, Berlin, Bern, Bethlehem, Bhutan, Bimini, Birmingham, Bisho, Bissau, Bizerta, Bobo Dioulasso, Bogra, Bonaire, Bonn, Boras, Brasilia, Bratislava, Brazov, Brazzavila, Bremen, Bridgetown, Brisbane, Bristol, charest, Budape  st Buenos Aires, Bujumbura, Bulawayo, Bundung, Burgas, Buzau, Caacupe, Cairo, Cali, Canberra, Cap Haitien, Cape Town, Carecas, Castries, Cebu, Chengdu, Chicago, Chiclayo, chittagong, Christchurch, Christmas Island, CocosKeeling Island, Cologne, Colombu, Conakry, Conception, Contonou, Copenhagen Cordaba,  Cork, Coroval, Corprivertion, Craiova, Cuenca, Cumana, Curacao, Dacca, Dakar, Damascus, Damman, Dangregia, Dar Es Salaam, Defeera, Derbrecen, Dewaniya, Diego Suarez, Diriamba, Djibouti, Doha, Dramman, Dubai, Dublin, Durban, Dushanbe, Dusseldort, El Salvador, Entebbe, Erevan, Equitorial Guinea, Fade N'Gorma, Falun, Faroe Islands, Fes, Franarantsoa, Frankfurt, Freeport, Freetown, French Guiana, Frunze.Ft de France, Fujairah,  Gaborone, Garbrovo, Genda, Geneva, George Town, Georgetown, Ghent, Gibraltar, Glasgow, Gonaives, Gondomar, Granada Grand Beirut, Graz,Guadalajara, Guautemala City, Guayaquil, Gyongyas, Hajja, Hamar, Hamburg, Hamilton, Havana, Halsinki, Ho Chi Milk City, Hodeidah, Homs, HongKong, Honiara, Honolulu, Houston, Hyvinkaa, Ibadan, Ikeja, Incheon, Industira, Invercargill, Isfahan, Islamabad, Island tuvalu, Istanbul, Jakarta, Janawa, Jeddah, Jerusalam, Jimma, Jinia, Johannesburg, Jaba, Kaduna, Kampala, Kaoshiung, Karachi, Karor, Kathmandu, Khartoum, Khon Kean, Khulna, Kiev, Kigalibad, Kingston, Kingstown, Kismayo, kitwe, Kobe, Kolding, Kosice, Koudougou, Kowloon, Kristianstav, Kula Belait, Kuala Lumpur, Kuantan, Kumasi, Kuwait, Kyoto, La Paz, Lady Ville, Lea, Lagos, Lahore, Lahti, Larissa, Las Palmas, Lattaquieh, Leeds, Leipzig, Librevilla, Lima, Limassol, Linden, Lisbon, Liverpool, Ljubl-iana, Lome, London, Los Angeles, Luanda, Lubumbashi, Lugazi, Lungi, Lusaka, Luxembourg, Macao, Madani, Madrid, Majuro, Maldonado, Male, Malmo, Managua, Manama, Mancheter, Manila, Mansoure, Manta, Maputo, Maracay, Marrakech, Maseru, Mashad, Mayotte, Mbabane, Mbale, Medan, Medlin, Melbourne, Mendoza, Mexico city, Miami, Micronesia, Milano, Misrata, Mmabatho, Mogadiscio, Mombassa, Monrovia, MonteCarlo, Monterrey, Monte-video, Montreal, Moscow, Mosule, Mulanje, Mumbai, Muscat, Mutare, Mwanza, Nabeul, Naestved, Nagozi, Nairobi, Najat, Nanjing, Nassau, Nastriya, Nazareth, Ndjamena, New Amsterdam, New-York, Niamey, Nicosia, Norrkoping, Nottingham, Nouakehott, Noumea, Nukualofa, Oklahoma City, Omdurman, Oradea, Orodtheab, Oruro, Osaka, Oslo, Ostrava, Ottawa, Ouagadougu, Oulu, Panama-City, Paralimni, Paramaribo, Paris, Paysandu, Perth, peshawar, Philadelphia, Pingtung, Piraeus, Piura, Pl Villa, Plazen, Plovdiv, Plymouth, Poneloya, Port Au Prince, PortSaid, Port-Sudan, Potosi, Prague, Praia, Pretoria, Pt Lousi, Pt of Spain, Pt.Stanley, Pte Apitre, Pusan, pyongyang, Rabat, Ramalla, Rarstonga, Rawalpindi, Reykyavik, Riga,Rio De Janeiro, Riyadh, Road Town, Rodriquez Islands, Rome, Rosario, Roseau, Rota, Rotterdam, Rzeszow, Saba, Sabh, Sailburg, Salta, Samoa-American, San Francisco, San Jose, San Marcos, San Marino, San pablo, Sandnes, San-Jaun, Sanna, Senta Cruz(Graciosa), Santa Cruz, Santiago, Santo Doming, Sao Paulo, SaoTome Island, Semarang, Seoul, Serrekunda, Sert, Sfax, Shangai, Shariah, Singapore, Skopie, Sofia, Sopot, ST.Denis, St.Georges, St.Helena, St.Johns, St.Pitterbuze, Stockholm, Strydom Airport, Stuttgart, Suphanburi, Suva, Sydney, Szekesfehervar, Taegu, Taichung, Tainan, Taipei, Taiz, Tallinn, Tamatave, Tampere, Tanga, Tashkent, Tavira, Tbilisi, Tegucigalpa, Tehran, Tel-Aviv, Tema, Temburong, Teneriffe, The Hague, The Valley, Thessaloniki, Thohoyandou, Thomwood, Thonbiri, Thyolo, Timisoara, Tirane, Titograde, Tokyo, Toronto, Tripoli, Tsumeb, Tunisi, Turks Caicos, Tutong, Ulan-Batar, Vaduz, Valetta, Valparasio, Vancouver, Vatican City, Victoria, Victoria Falls, Vienna, Vientiana, Vigo, VilaDOporto, Villa Nueva, Villarica, Vilua, Vina Del Mar, Volgagrad, W.Berlin, Wallis & Futuna Island, Warsaw, Washington Dc, Wellington, Windhoele, Yaounde, Yaren, Yokohama, Yundum, Zagreb, Zahle, Zurich.

At these places all the facilities for investigation & treatments are available.

At our center / centre / clinic / clinics / hospital / hospitals doctors are dedicated for latest & scientific treatment of these diseases.

Hanging drop for V.cholerae  120 Stool, Pneumocystis Carinii, sputum 740 Sputum/BAL, Anaerobic Tests 560 Pus, 560 Body Fluids, 560     Stool, 560 Vaginal Swab, Blood Culture (Anaerobic) with identification     560    Blood,             Fungal Tests t 560    Blood, Fungal culture with identification, 560    CSF, 260    Hair, 260        Moil, 260    Sputum, 260    Other samples, Antibiogram - Fungal MIC panel    1 1 00   pure culture, Antibiogram - Automated, 400    p   it, not specified, Automated method is seleced. Antibiogram Manual, not specified, Automated method ‘is seleced., Mycobacterial Tests AFB-Acid fast bacilli by ZN stain, 1 20, All specimens AFB, Acidfastbacillib Flourescent, Allsoecimens, Microscopy 1 500    Sputum, 500    BAL, 500    Urine, AFB-Acid fast bacilli, Culture (Rapid) by US J FDA approved non-radiometric, continuous’ 500    500    Pus 500    Endometrium, 500    CSF, 1500    Body Fluids, AFB-Acid fast bacilli. Susceptibility- 1st line, [SIBE] (Indudes Streptomycin, Isoniazid,       1700   Pure culture, Rifampicin and Ethambutol), AFB-Acid fast bacilli. Susceptibility- 1st line, [SIREP] (Includes Streptomycin, Isoniazid,      2000    Pure culture Rifampidn, Ethambutol and Pyrizinamide), AFB-Acid fast bacilli, Susceptibility-2nd line (Includes Kanamycin,                               1700    Pure culture, Ofloxacin,Ethionamide,Capreomycin), AFB-Acid fast bacilli, susceptibility: 1 3 drugs 4950    Pure culture, AFB- Acid Fast Bacilli.susceptibility-’       K     475    Pure culture., Streptomycin AFB- Acid Fast Bacilli.susceptibility-,    475    pure culture,  Isoniazid AFB- Acid Fast Bacilli.susceptibility- 475 Pure culture, AFB- Acid Fast Bacilli.susceptibility 475, Pure culture, Ethambutol, AFB- Acid Fast Bacilli.susceptibility 475    pure culture, Pyrazmamide, AFB- Add Fast Bacflli,susceptibility-  475    Pure culture, Kanamycin, Ethionamide, AFB- Add Fast Badlli.susceptibility-k, 7  475     pure culture , AFB- Add Fast Badlli.susceptibility-475, Pure culture Capreomycm Cyclosenne, AFB- Acid Fast Badlli.susceptibility 475 , Pure culture

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Culture (U , medium)  400 sputum, 400 BAL, 400 Urine 400 Pus 400 Endometriu, 400 CSF, 400 Body fluid, 2400 Plesae refer individual tests,

Myco-3 Panel for tuberculosis 2400 Plese refer individual tests, Tuberculosis, comprehensive profie 3700 Plesae refer individual tests. Aerobic Culture. Indentification And Susceptibility Tests 230 Urine, 230 Stool, 230 sputum, 230 Pus, 230 Eye swab, 230 Ear swab, 230 Throat swab, 230 Nasal swab, 230 vaginal sab, 230 Semen, 230 CSF, 230 Body fluid, 230 Urethral discharge, 230 Tissue, 230 Antibiogram manula, Pure culture, Antibiogram - automated 400 Pure culture, Culture for aerobic bacteria with identification by conventional manual culture plate method and manual sensitivity

Culture and sensitivity, 230 Urine, 230 Stool, 230 Sputum, 230 Pus, 230 Eye Swab, 230 Ear Swab, 230 Throat Swab, 230 Nasal Swab, 230 Vaginal Swab, 230 Semen, 230 CSF, 230 Body Fluid, 230 Urethral Discharge, 230 Tissue, 230 Blood, 560 Blood , Blood Culture (Aerobic) & Sensitivity (Automated), Miscellaneous Tests: Bacteriological examination of Air 560 NA, Food analysis, bacteriological 560 food, Water analysis, bacteriological 300 water, OT panel -aerobic, anaerobic & fungal, (10 swabs) 2000 swab, , OT panel -aerobic, anaerobic & fungal (5 swabs) 1200 swab,

Different Hospitals in india are: Moolchand Health Care, St. Stephen’s Hospital, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, G.B Pant Hospital, Lok Nayak Hospital, RG Stone Urological Reasarch Institue, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Jeevan Hospital, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Hospital, Orthonova Hospital, Batra Hospital, Sahi Hospital, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, Holy Faimly Hospital, Jeevan Mala Hospital, Jaipur Golden Hospital, Lady Harding Hospital, Smt. Sucheta Kriplani Hospital, Mata Chanan Devi Hospital, Safdarjung Hospital, Mohindra Hospital, M.P Heart centre Hospital, Bara Hospital, Hindu Rao Hospital, Holy Angels Hospital, Shankar Hospital, Holy Family Hospital, Chopra Hospital, Escorts Hospital St. Stephen's Hospital, Vardaan Hospital, Visitech Eye Hospital, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College, Safdarjung Hospital, Lok Nayak Jai Prakash (LNJP) Hospital, Private Hospital, Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Kalra Hospital,  Bangalore Baptist Hospital, Bowring Hospital, B W Lions Eye Hospital, Bangalore Hospital, Bangalore Children's Hospital, Genesis Hospital, Lakeside Hospital, M G A Hospital, Mallya Hospital, Manipal Hospital, Sindhi Charitable Hospital, Yellamma Dasappa Hospital,  Sir Harkisandas Narottamdas Hospital, Prince Alikhan Hospital, Saifee Hospital, Breach Candy Hospital, Jaslok Hospital, Habib Ismail Hosptal, Kalajyot Hospital, Motiben Dalvi Hospital, Bombay Hospital, Corwest Jain Clinic Group of Hospitals, D.S. Kothari Hospital, Lotus Hospital, Elizabeth Hospital, Bhatia Hospital, The Bomanji Dinshaw Petit Parsee Hospital, Cumbala Hill Hospital, Noor Hospital, K.B. Haji Bachoali Charitable Ophthalmic & ENT Hospital, Bai Jerbai Wadia Hspital, Nawroji Wadia Maternity Hospital, Wadia Hospital, Yerla Medical Trust Hospital, Tarachand Bappa Hospital, Dhanwantari Hospital, Shri Samasta Parajiya Suvarna Hospital, Smt.B.C.J. General Hospital, Smt.B.C.J. General Hospital, Holi Spirit Hospital, Lilavati Hospital, The Bandra Holy Family Hospital, Raheja Hospital, Gurunanak Memorial Hospital, Ramakrishna Mission Hospital, Radhibai Watumull Global Hospital, BSES Hospital, Sushrut Hospital, LH Hiranandani Hospital, Maganlal Popatlal & Sarvoday Hospital, Rajawadi Municipal General Hospital, Shatabdi Hospital, KBB Hospital, V.N. Hospital, Dr.K.B. Babha Hospital, Cooper Hospital, Bhagwati Hospital, Sion Hospital, K.E.M. Hospital Nayar Hospital, Kama Hospital, G.T. Hospital, J.J. Hospital, Sr.George Hospital, Aliganj Hospital, Blue Cross Hospital, Getwell Hospital, Krishna Lok Hospital, Lucknow Hospital, Medwin Hospital and Health Centre, Vivekanand Hospital, G.M.Associate Hospital, Dufferin Hospital, Civil Hospital, Communicable/Infectious Diseases Hospital Lifeline Hospital and Heart Centre, Lucknow Hospital, Shalimar Hospital, Rajendranagar Hospital Tuberculosis Hospital, Lucknow Rajpoot Hospital, Nishat Hospital, Z A Chartable Hospital, Indira Gandhi Eye Hospital, Sitapur Eye Hospital, Awadh Hospital and Heart Centre, Balrampur Hospital, Cantonment General Hospital, Civil Hospital, Dr.Shyama Prasad Mukherjie Hospital, Fatima Hospital, G.M.Associate Hospital, K.K.Hospital, Veerangana Jhalkari Bai Female Hospital, Shekhar Hospital, Queen Mary Hospital, Osmania General Hospital, Gandhi Hospital, Government Maternity Hospital, Nilofar Hospital, Cancer Hospital, T.B. Hospital, Hospital for Mental Diseases, Sarojini Devi Hospital, Sundram Medical Foundation, Chennai. MIOT Hospital, Chennai. Apollo Hospital, Madras. Malar Hospital Limited, Gandhi Nagar Adyar, Chenni. Calcutta Medical College Hospital. N.R.S. Medical College & Hospital, Calcutta. R.G. Kar Medical College & Hospital, Calcutta. Calcutta National Medical College & Hospital, Instt. of Postgraduate Med. Education & Research, Calcutta Seth S.K.M. Hospital, Calcutta. Sambhu Nath Pandit Hospital, Calcutta. Lady Dufferinvictoria Hospital, Calcutta. Howrah General Hospital, Howrah, Hoogly Sadar Hospital, Hoogly, Chittaranjan Seva Sadan & Chittaranjan Cancer Hospital,  Ramakrishna Mission Seva Pratishthan General Hospital, Calcutta.

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Interferon(s) Iforsfamide effects endocrine function values, testicular nonseminomas, testicular tumors, IgA nephropathy, IL-8 , IGFBP. Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein IGF-I. Insulin-like growth factor(s), IGF-II/mannose-6-phosphate receptor, deficiency , IkB, production , IL. Interleukin(s) IL-1Beta-converting enzyme, Ilaeel carcinoma, hyperadrenocorticism (Cushing disease, Cushing syndrome), Ileus, hypothyroidism, Iliac crest biopsy, anesthesia , complication , indications , sedation site , specimen analysis , preparation , surgical procedure , tetracycline pretreatment , variables measured , dynamic, static, Illness critical. Critical illness hypoaldosteronism , nonthyroidal clinical approach , effects thyroid function tests, pathophysiology , euthyroidism , determination , with high TSH level, clinica approach , hypothyroidism , detection , interaction between thyroid economy , sites , masking thyroid dysfunction, with normal. THS level, clinical approach, serum free thyroxine , measurement , simulating thyroid dysfunction, with subnormal TSH level, clinical approach , thyroid function tests, thyroid hormone levels , treatment , with undetectable THS level, clinical approach , severs, male hypogonadism, starvation, testicular dysfunction , thyroid function tests, ILM. Internal limiting membrane Imaging,. Angiography; Computed tomography; Magnetic resonance imaging; Radiography endocrine, cardinal rule , lysosomal storage disease, pituitary gland, sellar region, congenital anomalies , neoplasm , normal anatomy , normal variants , techniques , advantages disadvantases , Imidazoles, Imino acid metabolism, genetic disorders , Iminoglycinureia, familial imipene-cilastatin, effects endocrine function values, Imipramine. Tricyclic antidepressants effects endocrine function values, Immobilization childhood osteopenia due , hypercalcemia , regional osteoporosis dure Immune complex, definition , Immune deficiency. Immunodeficiency Immune disorders, somatostatin receptor scintigraphy , Immune extraction, Immune function anorexia nervosa, diabetes, Immune-mediated injury, systemic inflammatory response syndrome, Immune paralysis, chronic phase critical illness, Immune progesterone dermatitis pregnancy, Immune-related, peptide(s), skin, Immune response, ACTH secretion, DNA-based vaccination, eicosanoids , glucocorticoid , IL-2 , IL-7 , insulin, opioid peptides , oral hypoglycemic agents, primary, definition , regulation , HLA , secondary, definition , Immune serums, effects endocrine function values, Immune system, AIRE protein , functions , hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis , IL-6 , impairment , chronic phase critical illness, insulin-like growth factors , interaction with neuroendocrine system, leptin , regulation , tumor necrosis factor , immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) pregnancy, treatment , Immunoassay (s), follicle-stimulating hormone, heterogeneous, hormogeneous, luteinizing hormone, parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), pyridinium cross-links urine, Immunobarrir technology, Immunocytochemistry, Immunodeficiency. ; Severe combined immunodeficiency adenosine deaminase deficiency, congenital, dental/orfacial bnormalities , dental/orfacial abnormalities , with disorders purine metabolism, oral candidiasis , treatment , IL-2 , potential use IGF-I , thymosin Alpha1 , Immuoendocrine network, immunogenetics , immunoglobulin(s). Antibody(ies) characteristics , classes , classes , class switching, complementarity-determining regions, constant (C) regions, definition D gene, Fab fragment , Fc (crystallizable) fragment , framework region, genes chromosomal locations , rearrangement , variability , V-D-J Joining, H chains, IgA, antisperm antibodies, breast milk, characteristics , subclasses , IgD, characteristics , IgE, anaphylaxis, characteristics , urticaria, IgG, antisperanitboides, characteristics , subclasses , characteristics , subclasses , characteristics IgM. Characteristics , IgM, characteristics Graves ophthalmopathy, J gene, L chains, structure , Variable (V) regions, V gene, receptor editing , Immunoglobulin receptor(s) IgE, structure , mast cell, Immunohistochemistry. Immunocytochemistry Immunologic assay(s), Immunologi control testis, Immunometic assay(s), Immunomodulation critical illness, Graves ophthalmopathy, Immunoneutralization, Immunophilin, Immunoradiometric assays (IRMAs) ACTH, parathyroid hormone, parathyroid hormone-related protein, principles , genital hormone-binding globulin, thyroid hormones, Immunoradiometry, Immunosuppressive therapy diabetes secondary , liver transplant recipient endocrine effects , during pregnancy, pancreas transplantation, prevention type 1A diabetes, toxicity , Immunotherapy , parathyroid carcinoma, type 1 diabetes, Imperforate hymen, , primary amenorrhea, Impetigo herpetiformis, prrgnancy, Implanon, Implantation, attachment phase , endometrial response , IGF-I , interstitial, invasion phase , noninvasive central, eccentric, phases , proteases , requirement , Implantatin site, Importins. dysfunction Imprinting genetic, genomic, definition , Inactive agent(s), Inactivity. Physical activity Inappropriate antidiuresis, syndrome , central nervous system disorders, diagnostic criteria , drug-induced, etiology , central mechanisms , peripheral mechanisms , HIV-infected patients, hypoosmolatity , idiopathic (unexplained), multifactorial, pathophysiology , pulmonary disorders, reset osmostat variant , signs symptoms , treatment , long-term, pharmacologic, tumor-related, vasopressing secretion , Inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion, syndrome (SIADH), causes , clinical management , diagnosis , , vadarabine-induced, Inborn errors metabolism, Amino a acid(s), metabolism , heritable diseases Inbreeding. Consanguinity Indcidence, cumulative, Incidence rate, Incidentaloma(s) adrenal. Adrenal neoplasms (s), Incidental pituitary, thyroid, Incomplete androgen insensitivity, Incompleted androgen resistance, type II, Incomplete Mullerian fusion, Incontinentia pigmenti, ocular manifestations , Incretion, IND. Claimed Investigational Exemption a New Drug Indapamide. Thiazde diretics effects endocrine function values, Index individuality, Indian hedgehog, Indinavir effect endocrine function values, HIV-associated fat redistribution, therapy with, endocrinology side effects , indications , indirect calorimetry, Indium-111 octreotide, therapy with, medullary thyroid cancer, Indium-111 pentetretide, adrenal imaging, Individual reference ranges, Indoleamine(s), metabolism , pineal gland , Indomethacin. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, cyclooxygenase activity, effects endocrine function values, mechanism action , therapy with diabetes insipidus, , dysmenorrheal, hypercalcemia, nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, otherostatic hypotension, VIPoma, Infancy childhood. Newborn ofrenocortical disorders , adrenomedulary diaorders , adrnomedullary disorders , drenomedullary hyperplasia , cataract formation , hypoglycemia , diabetes , generalized osteopenia , causes , hypercalcemia , clinical management , hypocalcemia , hypoglycemia , hypopituitarism , differential diagnosis , hypothalamic pituitary disorders , osteopenia , rickets , skin , tall stature , Infant(s). Infancy childhood diabetic mothers lung maturation , neonatal care , perinatal outcome , growth development , normal, Infant Hervulas,Infantile cortical hypersotasis, clinical course , clinical presentation , radiographic findigs , Infarction myocardial. Myocaredial infarct/infarction pituirary, infections (s). Bacterial infections (s); Fungal infection adrenal, breast, calcitonin precursors as marker , Cushing syndrome, cuttaneuous, Cushing syndrome, cytokine exretion urine , cytokines , delayed puberty, diabetes, diabetic ketoacidosi, etiology , host factors predisposing nail changes caused by, prognosis , types , diabetic foot, limb-threatening, endocrinologic aspects , glucagons levels with, gonadal, gram-negative, kallikrein-kinin system , hormones diaorders associated with, hormonal disorders associated with, hormonal disorders associated with, hormonal disorders caused by, hormonal disorders predisposing , hormone therapy , host defense against, hypercalcemia with, hypocalcemia with, hypophosphatemia with, hypopituitarism causes by, hypothalamic-pituitary system,, hypothyroidism, increased calcitonin precursor levels , stimulus , lepting secretion, male infertility, metabolic disorders caused by, ocular, treatment , oral, diabetes, pancreatic, pancreatic, periapical, endocrine/metabolic causes , pregestational diabetes, pregnancy, obese women, preterm labor, primay barriers jto, pulmonary diabetics, euthyroid sick syndrome , risk , hypercortisolism, skin, diabetes, starvation , susceptibility corticosteroids , diabetes, systemic. Critial illness systemic inflammatory response syndrome, testicular , thyroidal treatment corticosteroids , thymosin alpha1 , Infectious mononucleosis corticosteroids , subacute thyroiditis, Inferior sagittal sinus, magnetic resonance, imaging , Infertile couple evaluation , treatment , Infertility adrenal abnormalities , alcoholic females, androgen-receptor defect nad, androgen therapy , antibody-mediated, nonedocrine organ-specific disorders associated with, autoimmune disease , causes age-related, cervical, coital, ovualtory factors psychogenic tubal, uterine vaginal cervical factor evaluation , treatment , cryptorchidism , drug-induced, cancer treatment, endometriosis , treatment , female alcoholism, definition , differential diagnosis , hyperprolactinemia , renal failure, follicle-stimulating hormone , hyperprolactinmia , inhibin B , luteinizing hormone , lymphocytes , male, androgen resistance , carcinoma situ testis, causes , chromosomal abnormalities , cryptorchdism , cystic fibrosis , definition , diagnostic approach , drugs , ejaculatory dysfunction , genital tuberculosis , history , hormonal data , hormonal disorders , immunologic factors , infections , Klinefelter syndrome , laboratory data , management , mumps-related, physical examination , primary hypogonadism , radiation , semen analysis , testicular biopsy , testicular size , testicular trauma , testicular trauma , testicular trauma , testicular tumors , tobacco use , toxins , varicocele , male-factor assessment , diagnosis , genital tract infection , sperm antibodies , ovulatory dysfunction , assessement , treatment , peritoneal factor , assessment , primary, psychological aspects , radioiodine therapy , secondary, surgical treatment , systemic inflammation, cytokines , treatment , ovarian cancer, tubal abnormalities , assessment , treatment , unexplained, hyperprolactinemia-related, uterine cavity assessment , treatment , Infiltrative processes, hypopituitarism caused by, Inflammation CRH-receptor type I antagonists , definition , eicosanoids , hypoadrenalism with, management , hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis , IL-5 , IL-6 , kinins , local, macrophages , mast cell-derived mediators , neurogenic, skin, ocular corticosteroids , pregnancy , pathophysiology , stress, relationship , substance P , systemic,. Critical illness balance proinflammatory anti-inflammatory forces , calcitonin precursors as marker , critical illness , diagnosis , increased calcitonin precursor levels , stimulus , prognostic considerations , tachykinis , Inflammatory bowel diasese (IBD) calcitonin precursors precursoe peptides , glucose-6-pposphatase deficiency, mast cells , pregnancy , substance p , with thyroid disorders, Inflammatory cell(s), recruitment , Inflammatory mediator(s), endocrine, endocrine action, therapeutic potential , critical illness, Inflammatory pseudotumor, orbital, Inflammatory response, glucocorticodis , Influenza hypothalamic-pituitary involvement , subacute thyroiditis, Infradia rhythm(s), Infundibulum comedo formation , neurohypophysial,. Median eminence; Pituitary stalk Ingestion, endocrine brain , inheritance autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, chromosomal endocrinologic metabolic disorders, mendelian (single-factor), mitochondrial, multifactorial, X-linked, Inhibin(s), A, menstrual cycle, secondary FSH rise, alpha deletion , effects growth development, granulose tumors , precursor , deficiency , hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, infertility , menstrual cycle, puberty, male, cecondary FSH rise, BetaA' precursor , BetaB' precursor , control testicular function, critical illness, acute versus chronic phase, cystine knot , erythropoiesis, follicular development, gonadotropin secretion, gonadotropin secretion, hCG synthesis, as marker seminiterous epithelia function, menstrual cycle, placental, plasma/serum level , cryptorchidism , plasma/serum level , cryptorchidism , plasma/serum level , cryptorchidism , plasma/serum level , cryptorchidism , plasma/serum level , critical illness, reference values , Sertoli cell seretion , structure , synthesis , cytokines , testicular function , laboratory evaluation , Initiaon codon (AUG), Inner cell mass, embryo. Embryo, inner cell mass Inosine monophosphate, Inosiplex, effects endocrine function values, Inositol derivatives, glycosylated, Inositol phosphastes, mast cell activation, Inositol triphosates, mast cell activation, Inositol triphosphate (IP3), metabolism , PTH , metabolism , PTH , stimulus-secretion coupling, Insecticides, gynecomastia, situ hybridization (ISH), pituitary adenomas, Insomnia glucocorticoid-induced, menopause, Insta-Glucose. Glucose, oral preparations Insulin, 2,3,. Insulin therapy, insulin preparations abnormal, absorption decreased, causes , factors affecting, increased, causes , subcutaneous blood flow , action , alterations , diabetes, anabolic, drugs affecting, glucocorticoids , hyperdrenocorticism (Cushing disease, Cushing syndrome), IL-6 , postbinding defects , TNF-alpha , administration , hypophosphatemia with, adverse effects side effects , alcohol intake , allergy , desensitization , intradermal skin testing , localized reactions , systemic reactions , antibodies , insulin pharmacokinetics, insulin requirements, type 1 diabetes, appetite, assays, autoantibodies , diabetes, prognostic significance , beef, immunogenicity , structure , cellular action , defects , immediate (rapid), intermediate, long-term, Chicago, Critical illness, acute versus chronic phase, deficiency , ketone body formation , Diabetic detoacidosis pancreatitis, relative, degradation , accelerated, dosage administration , effects endocrine function values, energy balance, evolutionary conservation , exercise , exogenous, administration , children, feeding behavior, fetal, fetal lung maturation, food intake, I fuel homeostasis, gene , enhancer elements , imprinting. 

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